Showing posts with label Mississippi Burning. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Mississippi Burning. Show all posts

Saturday, January 13, 2018

One Man's Death



As I wrote here when Charles Manson died less than two months ago, I get no joy from hearing that another human being has passed away, even one who caused great pain and suffering.

That, essentially, is how I received the news yesterday that Edgar Ray Killen, the mastermind in the conspiracy to murder three young civil rights workers in Mississippi in 1964, died in prison a few days shy of his 93rd birthday.

By modern standards, plotting to murder three people usually merits little attention outside the community where such an act occurs.

But the '64 murders were different. Everyone from the president on down was watching developments in Mississippi. A priority was given to finding the missing civil rights workers; then, when their bodies were discovered, the emphasis shifted to bringing their killer(s) to justice.

Killen, an organizer for the Ku Klux Klan, was not present when the workers were abducted and murdered, but he was the one who coordinated everything — then made sure he had an alibi.

Homicide is usually a state charge, and juries in the South of the 1960s tended to be all white — and to acquit white defendants in the slayings of blacks. It was believed the only way a conviction could be obtained was through the federal judicial system, and Killen was among 18 men who, in 1967, faced federal charges of violating the civil rights of the three young men.

Seven of the defendants were convicted and sentenced to from three to 10 years in prison, but the jury couldn't agree on Killen. Eleven voted for conviction, but one refused, saying she did not believe a man of God could participate in something like that.

Killen was a part–time Baptist preacher.

He was convicted of participating in the murders in 2005, 41 years to the day after the triple slaying that inspired the 1988 movie "Mississippi Burning," and spent the rest of his life in prison. But he was convicted of manslaughter. So much time had passed since the murders that many witnesses had died, and the jury did not have enough evidence for a homicide conviction. Still three consecutive 20–year sentences were likely to be more than the 80–year–old Killen could survive.

And, indeed, he did not.

Since Killen's death, the only things I have seen written about him were news accounts of his demise. I have seen no columns, no editorials, no commentaries of any kind about him or the era in which he lived — and that he influenced.

I'm not sure what to make of that because I certainly expected to see something, particularly in a polarized time like this. It was only a few months ago, after all, that statues of Confederate soldiers were being brought down from coast to coast — and the Confederacy ceased to exist more than half a century before Killen's birth.

Killen was from the 20th century, about the same age as a fellow who lived down the road from me in central Arkansas. He wasn't, as far as I know, a member of the Klan, but he was a segregationist and an unsuccessful candidate for first governor and then U.S. senator when I was in elementary school.

Well, that was what the public saw. I saw a man who was kind and treated me like a member of the family. In fact, I spent many of my waking hours outside of school at his house, playing with his twin sons.

When he committed suicide eight years ago, I was stunned by the hateful comments I saw on social media sites where folks from my home state tend to congregate.

It was probably because of that experience that I anticipated an equally rabid reaction to Killen's death. Once again, I am stunned — but happily so.

I am inclined to think that maybe that is a good thing. Maybe the fact that a notorious Klansman like Edgar Ray Killen can die in prison and cause barely a ripple is a sign of a maturing society.

That is a welcome development when words like racist, sexist and Nazi are thrown around almost casually.

It is important, once in awhile at least, to be reminded of what those words really mean — and for whom the label is appropriate.

Monday, January 12, 2009

The Legacy of the 'Little Rock Nine'



As America prepares to inaugurate its first black president next week, it's worth remembering the sacrifices that have been made along the way.

Many people and places have been part of the story — Martin Luther King Jr., of course, whose birthday the nation will pause to remember the day before Barack Obama takes the oath of office, is probably the most prominent name on the list, and many cities and towns have served as the backdrop in the effort to live up to the high ideals the founding fathers established.

The "Little Rock Nine," as the nine black high school students who earned a mention in the history books as the ones who brought integration to the public schools in Little Rock, Ark., are known, certainly did their part — even if most people today don't know their names.

But one of the nine, Carlotta Walls LaNier, tells CNN that she and the other black students in Little Rock played a pivotal role in laying the foundation for Obama's election.

No doubt she is right about that — but their contribution to Obama's victory is no greater than Rosa Parks' or Fannie Lou Hamer's or James Meredith's or the three civil rights workers who were murdered in the Freedom Summer of 1964.

Or the countless, nameless, faceless white Americans who participated in the effort to bring equality to America.

One of my favorite movies from the 1980s, "Mississippi Burning," presented a fictionalized account of that Freedom Summer. Early in the film, Gene Hackman, who plays an older FBI agent, chides Willem Dafoe, his younger, idealistic companion, for his youth and inexperience.

Dafoe tells Hackman that he's been through this kind of thing before, that he was with Meredith at Ole Miss and suffered a gunshot wound.

Hackman says, "Well, at least you lived. That's important."

"No, Meredith lived," Dafoe replies. "That's what's important."

Together, they wrote their chapters in the history of the struggle for equal rights in this country, a struggle that continues in the form of the efforts for equal rights for women, the handicapped and gays. Great strides have been made, but, in the years to come, other groups — religious groups, ethnic groups, and other minorities — may also emerge as groups that have been denied their rights in one way or another but have gone unnoticed by the majority of their fellow Americans.

To be sure, there is much on Obama's plate as he prepares to take office. There are great issues that affect all Americans. But perhaps, as a beneficiary of the black struggle in America, he will be more than a symbol to the downtrodden and will "give something back" to those who still yearn for their civil rights.